Uncaria Hook
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Market name：釣藤鈎 Photo location：Museum of Materia Medica, Inst. of Nat. Med. TMPW No.：16221 |
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Plant name：Uncaria rhynchophylla Photo location：Nara Pref., Japan Photo date：1997 Photographer：K. Komatsu |
| Synonym | |
| Latin name | Uncariae Uncis cum Ramulus |
| Botanical source: Family name | Rubiaceae |
| Botanical source: Plant name | - Uncaria rhynchophylla Miquel (IPNI:768297-1) - Uncaria sinensis Haviland (IPNI:768314-1) - Uncaria macrophylla Wallich (IPNI:768275-1) |
| Part used | Hook-bearing stem or branch |
| Empirical criteria for quality selection | The best one consists of hooks only. Generally, the vine of good one is thin and has many soft hooks with a tinge of purple. (TN) |
| Constituents | Indole alkaloids: U. rhynchophylla: Rhynchophylline, Corynoxeine, Isorhynchophylline, Isocorynoxeine, Hirsutine, 18,19-Dehydrohirsutine (=Hirsutein), Dihydrocorynantheine, Corynantheine; U. sinensis: Geissoschizine methylether, Hirsuteine, Hirsutine, Rhynchophylline, Corynoxeine, Isorhynchophylline, Isocorynoxeine; U. kawakamii: Uncarine A, Uncarine B, Mitraphylline |
| Pharmacological effects | Respiration (low dose: excitation; high dose: inhibition), antispasm, antivirus, vasodilation, α-adrenergic blocker, antiarrhythmia, calcium antagonism, inhibition of central serotonin receptor, sedation. Increase in sleep (geissoschizine methylether), decrease in blood pressure (hirsutine, isorhynchophylline). |
| Indications | As an antispasmodic and painkiller, it is applied to treat headache and dizziness due to fever or hypertension, sclerosis of cerebral arteries, convulsion, spasm of child, epilepsy, coma with high fever, malaria and rheumatism. |
| Diseases | High fever, Convulsion, Headache, Vertigo, Stagger, Hypertension, Cerebral arteriosclerosis, Red eye, Convulsion, Tantrum |
| Formulas | shichimotsukokato , chotosan , tokishakuyakusankaogichoto , yokukankashakuyaku , yokukansan , yokukansankashakuyakuoren , yokukansankachimpihange |
| Meridian tropism | Liver, Pericardium |
| Property | Slightly cold |
| Flavor | Sweet |
| Classification in "Shen-non Ben-cao Jing" | |
| TCM: Classification | Anticonvulsants |
| TCM: Medicinal effects | To remove heat, subdue hyperactivity of the liver, and arrest convulsions.: For headache, dizziness, convulsion, spasm of muscle, eclampsia, and hypertension. |
| Remarks | Listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 18th ed. |
| References | TN: T. Namba & Y. Tsuda ed., Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, 3rd ed., Nankodo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 1998. |
DNA sequences of medicinal plants
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| Nuclear | Chloroplast | Mitochondria | |||||||||||||||||
| Botanical source: Plant name | 5Ss | 18S | ITS1 | 5.8S | ITS2 | 26S | others | trnH-psbA | matK | trnK | trnK-rps16 | trnT-L | trnL | trnL-F | rbcL | rpoC1 | ndhF | others | |
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